Off-equilibrium non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical point: an effective field theory perspective

A bstract The non-Gaussian fluctuations of baryon density are sensitive to the presence conjectured QCD critical point. Their observational consequences crucial for ongoing experimental search this point through beam energy scan program at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In expanding fireball created in a heavy-ion collision, would inescapably fall out equilibrium and require systematic description within dynamical framework. paper, we employ newly developed effective field theory (EFT) fluctuating hydrodynamics study real-time conserved charge density. particular, derive evolution equations multi-point correlators obtain closed-form solutions with arbitrary initial conditions that can readily be implemented realistic simulations collisions. We find non-linear interactions among noise fields, which missing traditional stochastic hydrodynamics, could potentially contribute quartic (fourth-order) scaling regime even tree level off-equilibrium situations.